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Basic Knowledge about LCD

  • LCD - Liquid Crystal Display: An introduction to LCD technology. What is liquid crystal? How the orientation of the its molecules are changed by electric field? How characters and graphics are displayed?
  • LCD Fluid Types: TN, STN, FSTN or other types of LCD liquid. What is their difference in terms of display quality and control strategy?
  • LCD Display Modes: Dark image on light background, or vice versa. How to choose between them in different circumstances?
  • LCD Polarizer Modes: Reflective, transflective or transmissive. What is their difference? How are they related to backlights?
  • LCD Viewing Direction: 6:00 o'clock, 12 o'clock or other directions? How is the viewing direction defined? How to make the right decision that will suit your application?
  • LCD Viewing Angle: What is viewing angle vs. viewing direction? How viewing angle is affected by the types of liquid and driving methods?
  • LCD Temperature Ranges: LCD can work properly in a certain temperature range, which is determined by the LCD fluid, polarizers, operational voltage, and multiplex rate. LCD can also be optimized to work in certain temperature ranges.
  • LCD Connection Types: Elastomer (zebra strip), pin or heat seal are major types of connection for LCD glasses to the rest of the circuitry. What is their advantages and disadvantages?
  • LCD Backlighting: LED, ELP, CCFL or other types of backlighting methods. Detailed explanation on their application in different circumstances.
  • LCD Display Types: Segment (alphanumeric) display, dot matrix (character) display or graphic display. How to make a choice for your specific application?
  • LCD Glass vs. LCD Modules: Should I buy LCD glasses (panels) or LCD modules? Things you should know before you talk with the supplier.
  • LCD Module Assembly Types: SMT, COB, TAB, COG, COF and more. Those are terms to describe how LCD controllers/drivers are mounted on an LCD module. How to choose among them? What to expect?

LCD Control Circuitry

LCD Design Guide

LCD Resources

LCD Glass

standard glass
customized glass
LCD Modules

character modules
graphic modules

alphanumeric modules
customized modules

Color LCD


color modules

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